Furnace.



No. 641,873. Y Patehted Jan. 23, I900.

a. s. LEE.

FURNAGE.

(Applicatioi: filed Get. 25, 1899'.)

(No Model.)

WITNESSES m: Mamas PETERS 00.. morouvficn. wunmornm u. c.

Nr'rnn STATES PATENT FFICE.

GEORGE S. LEE, OF HAWTHORNE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO FRED W. WENTWORTH,OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 641,873, dated January23, 1900.

Original application filed August 29, 1899, Serial No. 728,832. Dividedand this application filed October 25, 1899. Serial To all whom it magconcern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. LEE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hawthorne, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,have invented certain Improvements in Furnaces; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichitappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus for promoting combustion; and itsobject is to provide an apparatus of this nature whereby thoroughchemical union of the air and gases will be effected and the productionof smoke consequently prevented. The improved apparatus, hereinafterdescribed at length, which I have providedfor accomplishing this objectis especially adapted as a furnace, particularly of the steam-boilerclass, and its construction is such that of two processes of combustion,a primary and a secondary, which are both carried on at the same time inits operation, the secondary combustion results in the perfectconsumption of all gases which are evolved in and escape free from theprimary combustion. In the construction referred to thecombustion-chamber proper of the furnace is divided by a bridge-wallinto an initial and a secondary combustion-chamber, which havecommunication through said bridge-wall for the transmission from the oneto the other thereof of the-unconsumed gases, and the grate-bars, whichare as usual spaced to afford communication between the ash-pit and saidinitial combustion-chamber, are formed in the shape of hollow flues orconduits that conduct bodies of air from the ashpit to openings in saidbridge-wall that are so disposed as to best effect the commingling'ofthis air with the unconsumed gases passing out of the initialcombustion-chamber. Thus by using the grate-bars as flues forleadinginthe bodies of air which support the secondary combustion the temperatureof these bodies of air is appreciably raised, and so their bet- (Nomodel.)

ter union with the gases of the secondary combustion is secured; andthis union is mate'- rially enhanced by certain deflecting anddispersing means which I employ in connection with the saidconstruction.

In anotherand copending application filed by me August 29, 1899, SerialNo. 728,832, of which this application is a division, I fully describe,illustrate, and claim a peculiar construction of grate-bar which Iprefer to employ in connection with my improved combustion apparatusconstituting the subject-matter of this application. I do not thereforeherein claim said grate-bar;

My present invention therefore consists in an improved construction offurnace.

The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings,wherein-- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a furnace of the steam-boilerclass constructed after the principles of my invention, and Fig. 2 is aperspective view of one of a series of certain blocks or bricks used inmy improved furnace for dispersing the gases that are un consumed in theinitial combustion-chamber.

In said drawings, a designates the exterior wall structure of thefurnace, the same being of any well-known construction and beingprovided at its front end with the usual fuelsupply and ash-pit doors aand 0?, respectively.

b is the bridge-wall, which extends transversely across the furnace,said bridge-wall and another structure hereinafter described dividingthe furnace into two compartments. Upon the bridge-wall and otherwisesupported in the wall structure of the furnace rests the boiler 17,whose flues communicate with the interior of the furnace at their rearends and with the stack o of the furnace at their other ends.

c is a plate, preferably of metal, that extends horizontally across thefront of the furnace between the fuel-supply and ash-pit doors, itsinner edge being provided with a flange 0, upon which rest the frontends of the grate-bars 0 the rear ends of said gratebars being supportedupon a girder C ,'GXl36I1ding across the furnace. The front ends ofother grate-bars preferably arranged in alinement with the grate-bars 0also rest on the girder 0 their rear ends being set in an opening orindividual openings 0 that are provided in the bridge-wall. Thestructure comprising the plate a and the series of gratebars, it will beseen, divides the forward compartment of the two above referred to intothe ash-pit d and what I term an initial combustion-ohamberd. The otherof the two compartments referred to is designated by the referencecharacter 01 and constitutes a secondary combustion-chamber.

Each grate-bar is constructed hollow and serves as a medium forconducting air from the ash-pit to the secondary combustionchamber.These grate-bars may be used singly or in plurality in tandemarrangement. Their construction is set forth with sufucientparticularity in my above-mentioned copending application, it being onlynecessary to say that, as indicated by dotted lines in the drawings, achannel is formed in each grate-bar, which is open, as at d and (1 atboth ends and also, preferably, at a subjacent point 61 in the bar. Thefront opening (Z of the bar may of course be plugged or closed in anydesired manner, as by the masonry when setting it in place, if said baris to be used singly or it happens to be the first or outermost bar inthe series.

Above the openings 0 in which the rear ends of the grate-bars 0 rest andwith the channels in which they have communication, there is provided inthe bridge-wall Z) an opening 6, which extends across the furnace fromone side wall to the other thereof. This opening is out up into a numberof smaller openings by a series of vertically-disposed blocks e,preferably constituting bricks of fire-clay, which have the edgesthereof adjacent the initial combustion-chamber beveled off, as at o Theobject of providing these blocks 6 is to effect a thorough breaking upand dispersing of the gases that are evolved in the primary combustionthat is carried on in the initial combustion-chamber d and which areforced out through the opening e into the secondary combustion-chamber.By beveling the blocks the agitation of these gases will be materiallyaugmented, as will be apparent.

Upon the pier f, which I have formed at the bottom of the furnace andwhich, extending across the same, constitutes a portion of thebridge-wall b, Ierect back of said bridge-wall a deflecting-wall f,which is slightly spaced from said bridge-wall and has its top surfaceinclined, so that the lower edge f (which is its front one) thereof isabout in a horizontal plane-that is, midway between the openings e and 0respectively. The rear edge f of this wall is approximately as high asthe top of the opening 6, and in approximate vertical alinement with itis the front lower edge f of a wallf that spans the furnace-chamber. Anarrow opening f is thus formed.

It will be seen that the bridge-wall and the structure comprised in thedeflecting-wall f and the wall f 5 together separate the furnacespaceinto two compartments, of which the one comprises the primarycombustion-chamber and the ash-pit and the other constitutes thesecondary combustion -chamber. Furthermore, the bridge-wall being spacedfrom the structure comprising the other two walls combines therewith toform what I term a mixing-chamberf It will be seen that in the operationof the furnace above described the combustion of the fuel that is placedupon the grate-bars is supported by the air which is admitted from theash-pit between the grate-bars, and simultaneously air enters from theash-pit the ingress-openings of the channels of the several grate-barsand being conducted back and forth through each grate-bar passes out ofits egressopening and the opening 0 in the bridge-wall, whereupon it isdeflected upwardly by the deflecting-Wallf. Now as the gases that areevolved, but not consumed, in the primary combustion above referred toare driven out of the initial combustion-chamber they are thoroughlybroken up and agitated by the beveled blocks e, and after passing saidblocks are commingled in the mixing-chamberf with the rising bodies ofair that are discharged by the hollow grate-bars and are passing out ofthe openings 0 of the bridgewall. Thereupon the secondary combustionbegins to take place, and it is promoted not only because thedeflecting-wall and the wall f together with the bridge-wall, form amixing-chamber, as f from which there is egress for the elements ofcombustion only through a confined opening, but because in passingthrough the grate-bars and being thereby brought into close proximity tothe combustion that is going on in the initial combustion-chamber thetemperature of the fresh bodies of air that are supporting thissecondary combustion has been raised, and consequently they quitereadily release their oxygen. It should be remarked thatin order to bestgive the gases and other products of combustion that are passing out ofthe initial combustion-chamber proper direction, so that they will allkeep in motion, the bricks of which the bridge-wall is composed shouldbe disposed so as to successively overhang each other, as at f.

So far as the grate-bars are concerned any construction in which thegrate-bars are hol low will suflice so long as that by it thetemperature of the air as it passes through said grate-bars may bematerially raised. I prefer, however, to use that form of gratebar towhich I herein briefly refer and which I particularly describe in mysaid copending application.

Between the bridge-wall b and the deflecting-wall f one side wall mayhave an opening g, whereby refuse that collects there may be removed.The pit 9', formed by the space between these walls, may be as deep asde too sired, the said opening being arranged preferably at thebottom'of it.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a combustion apparatus, the combination, with two compartments anda spaced bridge-wall and a partition structure separat-.

ing said compartments, said bridge-wall having an opening through it, ofa suitable fuelsupport disposed in one of said compartments in a planebeneath the top of said opening, and air-conducting means dischargingthrough said bridge-wall and disposed beneath said opening, saidpartition structure being arranged in effective proximity, and having acontracted opening approximately opposed to said opening in thebridge-wall and the discharge end of said air-conductin g means, saidlast-named opening being disposed in the partition structure appreciablybelow the top thereof, substantially as described.

2. In a combustion apparatus, the combination, with two compartments anda bridgewall and a deflector separating said compartments, and saidbridge-wall having openings arranged one above the other and affordingcommunication between said compartments, of a series of tubulargrate-bars arranged in one of said compartments and communicat ing withthe subjacent openings, said deflecting-wall being arranged in effectiveproximity to said openings,and another Wall disposed above saiddeflecting-wall and spaced therefrom to form an opening approximatelyopposite said first-named openings, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace, the combination, with two compartments and abridge-wall and a deflecting-wall separating said compartments, and saidbridge-wall having openings arranged one above the other and afiordingcommunication between said compartments, of a series of tubulargrate-bars arranged in one of said compartments and communicating withthe subjacent openings, spaced dispersing-blocks arranged in the upperopenings, and another wall disposed above said deflecting-wall andspaced therefrom to form an opening approximatelyopposite saidfirst-named openings,

compartments, of walls separating said compartments, one of said wallsbeing the bridgewall and having openings arranged one above the otherand the other walls being disposed the one above the other and spacedfrom said bridge-wall to form a mixing-chamber and also from each otherto form a confined opening, a series of tubular grate-bars arranged inone of said compartments and afiording communication between the sameand the subjacent openings, and beveled and spaced blocks arranged inthe upper opening, one of said last-named walls being a deflecting-walland arranged in effective proximity to said openings, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a furnace, the combination, with two compartments, of wallsseparating said compartments, one of said walls being the bridge walland having openings arranged one above the other and the other wallsbeing disposed one above the other and spaced from said bridge-wall toform a mixing-chamber and also from each other to form a confinedopening, a series of tubular grate-bars arranged in one of saidcompartments and affording communication between the same and thesubjacent openings, and beveled and spaced blocks arranged in the upperopening, one of said last-named walls being a deflecting-wall andarranged in efiective proximity to said openings, the top of said wallbeing inclined,

substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this20th day of October, 1899.

GEORGE S. LEE.

Witnesses:

J OHN W. STEWARD, ALFRED GARTNER.

